The fruit of Swinglea glutinosa (Bl) Berr. Cuban with demonstrated antiprotozoal activity against Leishmania amazonensis

Abstract

Swinglea glutinosa Bl Merr is a monotypic genus of plants, belonging to the RUTACEAE family. Its only species: Swinglea glutinosa with 10-12cm fruits is no edible. The objective was set: “to define its use against Leishmania amazonensis and if it was known by the Cuban population.” A total of 48 people were surveyed. The results express ignorance of the plant; nor its use against Leishmania amazonensis. It is characterized by the presence of alkaloids, in its biosynthetic pathway, which was purified from a total extract of the fruit; obtained by the Maceration Method. Evaluated against L. amazonensis promastigotes and cytotoxicity against BALB/c mouse peritoneal macrophages. Antileishmania activity; All extracts evaluated (I, II, III) were considered active, since they showed an IC50 < 100 µg/mL. The extracts presented activity in the same range, with no significant differences between them (p > 0.05)... Pentamidine, the reference drug used in this study, showed an IC50 of 0.4 ± 0.01 µg/mL against L. amazonensis promastigotes and 11.7 ± 1.7 µg/mL. The activity of this product was higher than that of the extracts evaluated, but it must be noted that pentamidine is a compound with a high degree of purity (> 98%); while the new products evaluated in this work are extracts where it is possible that the active principle responsible for the anti-leishmanial activity is found in a low percentage; However, the scientific novelty is evident when anti-leishmanial activity is proven without a doubt.

Keywords

Swinglea glutinosa Bl Merr, alkaloids, toxic, citrus, inedible fruit, Leishmania amazonensis

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